Zhou Guangzhao
Chinese physicist (born 1929)
Zhou Guangzhao | |
|---|---|
| 周光召 | |
| Born | (1929-05-15) May 15, 1929 (age 95) Changsha, Hunan, China |
| Alma mater | Tsinghua University Beijing University |
| Occupation | physicist |
| Years active | 1957–present |
| Organization(s) | Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Chinese Nuclear Weapons Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute European Organization for Nuclear Research US National Academy of Sciences |
| Website | royalsociety.org/guangzhao-zhou |
Zhou Guangzhao ForMemRS (Chinese: 周光召; pinyin: Zhōu Guāngzhāo; born May 15, 1929) is a Chinese theoretical physicist who served as President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 1987 to 1997.[1]
Early life and education
Zhou Guangzhao was born on May 15, 1929, in Changsha, the capital of Hunan province. He was the 5th child of the civil engineer Zhou Fengjiu,[2] and the younger brother of biochemist/geneticist Zhou Guangyu. He graduated from Tsinghua University in 1951, and then did graduate work in theoretical physics for three years at Beijing University. He stayed at Beijing Univ. on the faculty after completing his PhD. In 1957 he was sent to the USSR by the Chinese Atomic Energy Research Institute to work at the Dubna Joint Institute for Nuclear Research.[1]
Professional career
Zhou returned to China in 1960, where he worked on the Chinese nuclear weapons program, ultimately becoming director of the Chinese Nuclear Weapons Research Institute. He was elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and later became the Vice President (1984–1987) and President (1987–1997) of the CAS.
Zhou's theoretical work focuses on particle physics.
He first visited the US in 1979. In the 1980s he spent time as a visiting researcher at the University of California and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and at the European Organization for Nuclear Research in Switzerland.[1]
Honors
The asteroid 3462 Zhouguangzhao is named after him.[3][4]
Dr. Zhou was elected to the US National Academy of Sciences in 1987.[5]
References
- ^ a b c "Zhou Guangzhao". China Vitae. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved January 5, 2020.
- ^ "One of a Hundred Thousand: ZHOU Guangzhao-The Story of a Scientific Hero". In the Spotlight. Qiu Shi Science & Technology Foundation. Archived from the original on 2021-03-06. Retrieved January 5, 2020.
- ^ "(3462) Zhouguangzhao = 1950 TL2 = 1977 SQ2 = 1977 TL6 = 1981 UA10". International Astronomical Union Minor Planet Center. The International Astronomical Union. Retrieved January 5, 2020.
- ^ Minor Planet Circ. 26424
- ^ "Zhou Guangzhao". Member Directory. National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved January 5, 2020.
External links
- US National Academy of Sciences entry
- entry at chinavitae.com
| Academic offices | ||
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| Preceded by Lu Jiaxi | President of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1987–1997 | Succeeded by Lu Yongxiang |
- v
- t
- e
Zhao Ziyang Cabinet (1983–1988)
- Wan Li
- Yao Yilin
- Li Peng
- Tian Jiyun
- Qiao Shi (added)
01 Foreign Affairs Wu Xueqian
02 National Defense Zhang Aiping
03 State Planning Commission Song Ping → Yao Yilin
04 State Economic Commission Zhang Jingfu → Lü Dong
05 State Commission for Restructing Economy Zhao Ziyang → Li Tieying
06 State Science and Technology Commission Fang Yi → Song Jian
07 Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense Chen Bin [zh] → Ding Henggao
08 Ethnic Affairs Commission Yang Jingren → Ismail Amat
09 Public Security Liu Fuzhi → Ruan Chongwu → Wang Fang
010 State Security Ling Yun → Jia Chunwang
011 Civil Affairs Cui Naifu
012 Justice Zou Yu
013 Finance Wang Bingqian
014 Commerce Liu Yi [zh]
015 Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade Chen Muhua → Zheng Tuobin
016 Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries He Kang
017 Ministry of Forestry Yang Zhong [zh] → Gao Dezhan
018 Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power Qian Zhengying
019 Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection Li Ximing → Rui Xingwen → Ye Rutang [zh]
020 Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources Sun Daguang → Zhu Xun [zh]
021 Ministry of Metallurgical Industry Li Dongye → Qi Yuanjing
022 Ministry of Machine-building Industry Zhou Jiannan
023 Ministry of Nuclear Industry Jiang Xinxiong
024 Ministry of Aeronautics Industry Mo Wenxiang
025 Ministry of Electronics Industry Jiang Zemin → Li Tieying
026 Ministry of Ordnance Industry Yu Yi [zh] → Zou Jiahua
027 Ministry of Aerospace Industry Zhang Jun [zh] → Li Xu'e [zh]
028 Ministry of Coal Industry Gao Yangwen [zh] → Yu Hong'en [zh]
029 Ministry of Petroleum Industry Tang Ke [zh] → Wang Tao
030 Ministry of Chemical Industry Qin Zhongda
031 Ministry of Textile Industry Wu Wenying
032 Ministry of Light Industry Yang Bo [zh] → Zeng Xianlin [zh]
033 Ministry of Railways Chen Puru → Ding Guangen
034 Transport Li Qing [zh] → Qian Yongchang
035 Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications Wen Minsheng → Yang Taifang
036 Ministry of Labor and Personnel Zhao Shouyi → Zhao Dongwan
037 Ministry of Culture Zhu Muzhi → Wang Meng
038 Xinhua News Agency Mu Qing
039 Ministry of Radio, Film and Television Wu Lengxi [zh] → Ai Zhisheng
040 Education He Dongchang → Li Peng
041 Ministry of Health Cui Yueli [zh] → Chen Minzhang
042 State Physical Culture and Sports Commission Li Menghua
043 State Family Planning Commission Qian Xinzhong → Wang Wei [zh] → Peng Peiyun♀
044 Central Bank Governor Lü Peijian → Chen Muhua
045 Auditor-General Yu Mingtao → Lü Peijian
046 Chinese Academy of Sciences Lu Jiaxi → Zhou Guangzhao
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