Type 075 landing helicopter dock

Class of amphibious warfare ships

Class overview
Guangxi (32) sailing in 2022.
Builders	Hudong–Zhonghua Shipbuilding
Operators	People's Liberation Army Navy
Preceded by	Type 071 amphibious transport dock
Succeeded by	Type 076 landing helicopter dock
Built	2018–present^[2]
In service	2021–present^[1]
Planned	8^[4]
Building	1^[5]
Completed	3
Active	3^[3]
General characteristics
Type	Amphibious assault ship
Displacement	36,000 tonnes (full load)^[6]
Length	232 m (761 ft)^[7]
Beam	36.8 m (121 ft)^[7]
Boats & landing craft carried	2 × Type 726 Yuyi class LCAC^[8]
Capacity	60 armoured fighting vehicle^[8]
Troops	800 troops^[8]
Armament	2 × H/PJ-14 30 mm (1.2 in) CIWS^[9] 2 × HQ-10 SAM^[9]
Aircraft carried	28 helicopters^[8]
Aviation facilities	Hangar deck

The Type 075 landing helicopter dock (NATO reporting name: Yushen-class landing helicopter assault^[10]) is a class of Chinese amphibious assault ships built by Hudong–Zhonghua Shipbuilding for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN).^[2] It has a full-length flight deck for helicopter operations^[11] and features a floodable well deck from which to disembark hovercraft and armored amphibious assault vehicles.^[12]

History

The Marine Design and Research Institute of China (708 Institute) of the China State Shipbuilding Corporation began design work in 2011.^[13] Debate over the desired result may have continued into 2016. Reportedly, the Central Military Commission Equipment Development Department favored a smaller design than the final Type 075, effectively an enlarged Type 071 amphibious transport dock, possibly due to concerns that the existing propulsion plant was insufficient for a larger ship. Ultimately, the PLAN's desire for an LHA prevailed.^[14] Hudong–Zhonghua Shipbuilding received the contract in 2018 and construction began that year.^[2]

Images of Hainan, the first ship,^[15] under construction in drydock appeared by June 2019.^[16] She suffered a minor fire while fitting out in April 2020 which did not slow construction.^[17] Hainan commissioned on 23 April 2021^[1] and reached initial operating capability in March 2022.^[3]

In November 2022, The PLAN announced that the first two ships were combat ready.^[18]

Design

The flight deck is 226 meters long and 36 meters wide. There are seven flight spots - six along the port side and one aft of the island.^[19] The forward aircraft elevator can carry one medium helicopter with rotors folded; the stern elevator is larger and can carry Changhe Z-8 helicopters with rotors folded.^[20] Two weapons elevators are located on the forward flight deck.^[21] The hangar may be 150 meters long, 20 meters wide, and 6 meters high. The ship may operate 20-35 aircraft.^[20]

The well deck and vehicle deck are one continuous space.^[22] The well deck has a 20 meter wide gate and may be 80-90 meters long, sufficient for two or three Type 726 LCACs.^[23] The vehicle deck is large enough for a PLAN Marine Corps amphibious mechanized infantry company plus additional platoon-sized tank or artillery elements. An opening on each side allows roll-on/roll-off access to the vehicle deck.^[24]

List of ships

Pennant number	Name	Namesake	Builder	Launched	Commissioned	Fleet	Status
31^[1]	Hainan^[1]	Province of Hainan	Hudong-Zhonghua, Shanghai^[2]	25 September 2019^[1]	23 April 2021^[1]	South Sea Fleet^[25]	Active
32^[1]	Guangxi^[1]	Autonomous Region of Guangxi		22 April 2020^[1]	April 2022^[1]	East Sea Fleet^[25]	Active
33^[1]	Anhui^[1]	Province of Anhui		29 January 2021^[26]	1 October 2022^[3]		Active
TBA	TBA	TBA		14 December 2023^[27]			Fitting out^[5]

Citations

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, p. 10.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, p. 9.
^ ^a ^b ^c China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities—Background and Issues for Congress (Report). 265. Congressional Research Service. 1 December 2022. p. 34. RL33153. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
^ "003型航母最新衛星圖片曝光傳中國擬追建多型驅逐艦護衛艦". HK01 (in Chinese). 21 November 2020. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
^ ^a ^b "China's Fourth Type 075 LHD Taking Shape In Shanghai". Naval News. 30 July 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
^ Xavier Vavasseur (1 October 2022). "China's 3rd Type 075 LHD Anhui 安徽 Commissioned With PLAN". Naval News.
^ ^a ^b "黄浦江长江口10月8日试航船沪中24轮长232米宽36.8米黄浦江长江上海段下行-沪航警827/21". 中华人民共和国海事局. Archived from the original on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d The Military Balance 2023. International Institute for Strategic Studies. p. 240.
^ ^a ^b Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, p. 24.
^ United States Navy Office of Naval Intelligence (December 2022). "PLA Navy Identification Guide" (PDF). Retrieved 20 December 2022.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, pp. 28–32.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, pp. 15–17.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, p. 8.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, pp. 8–9.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, p. 2.
^ Joe, Rick (17 July 2019). "The Future of China's Amphibious Assault Fleet". The Diplomat. Retrieved 26 April 2022.
^ Farley, Robert (11 August 2020). "China's First Type 075 Amphibious Assault Ship Begins Sea Trials". The Diplomat. Retrieved 25 April 2022.
^ Liu Zhen (29 November 2022). "China's Type 075 amphibious assault ships ready for combat, PLA Navy says". South China Morning Post.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, pp. 28–30.
^ ^a ^b Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, p. 19.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, pp. 29.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, p. 17.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, pp. 15–16.
^ Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, pp. 17–18.
^ ^a ^b Kennedy & Caldwell 2022, p. 34.
^ Tate, Andrew (29 January 2021). "China launches third Type 075 LHD for PLAN". Janes. Archived from the original on 20 April 2021.
^ Vavasseur, Xavier (14 December 2023). "China Launches 4th Type 075 LHD for the PLAN". Naval News. Retrieved 21 December 2023.

Sources

Kennedy, Conor M.; Caldwell, Daniel (October 2022). The Type 075 LHD: Development, Missions, and Capabilities (Report). CMSI China Maritime Reports. Vol. 23. United States Naval War College China Maritime Studies Institute.

Active ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy

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Type 032 (Qing class)

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Chinese sailless submarine
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Type 056^FF (Jiangdao class)

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Type 037-IS (Haiqing class)
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Type 6625/025/026/026II/R704 (Huchuan class)

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Type 062-I (Shanghai III class)
Type 062 (Shanghai II class)
Type 062 (Shanghai I class)
Type 206 (Huludao class)

Patrol boats (PB)

Seagoing	Type 026H
Port security boat (PSB)	Huangpu class
Reconnaissance patrol combatant (PGR)	Type 528 Type 865

Amphibious warfare vessels

Landing helicopter dock (LHD) or
Landing helicopter assault (LHA)

Type 076^*
Type 075 (Yushen class)

Amphibious transport dock (LPD)

Type 071 (Yuzhao class)

Dock landing ship (LSD)

Type 072III (Yuting I class)
Type 072A (Yuting II class)

Landing ship helicopter (LSH)

Type 073-III (Yudeng class)
Type 073A (Yunshu class)

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Type 072 (Yukan class)
Type 072-II (Yuting I class)

Landing ship medium (LSM)

Type 271IIIA (Yulü class)
Type 073-I (Yudao class)
Type 073-II (Yudao class)
Type 073-IIY (Yudao class)
Type 074A (Yubei class)
Type 079-I (Yulian class)
Type 079-II (Yulian class)

Landing craft (LC)

Landing craft tank (LCT)	Type 068/069 (Yuch'in class) Type 067 (Yunnan class)
Landing craft utility (LCU)	Type 271III Type 074 (Yuhai or Wuhu-A class)

Air-cushioned
landing craft (LCAC)

Project 1232.2 Zubr class
Type 726 (Yuyi class)
Type 724
Type 722-II (Jinsha II class)
Type 722-I (Jinsha I class)
Type 716-II (Dagu B class)

Mine warfare vessels (MCM)

Minelayers (ML)	Type 918 (Wolei class)
Auxiliary minelayers (MMA)	Type 8154
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ships (AE/AEM)

Ammunition ship (AE)	Type 072 (Yantai class)
Ammunition ship, Missile/Rocket (AEM)	Yuan Wang 21 (operated by SSF) Yuan Wang 22 (operated by SSF)

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Reefer ships (AF)	Dongleng class
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Beiqi 384 class
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Type 272

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PLANS Heroic Gunboat in the Toumenshan Naval Battle
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Submarine rescue ships (ASR)	Type 930 Hudong class Type 946 Dazhou class Type 946A Dadong class
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Deep-submergence rescue vehicle (DSRV)	Type 7103 DSRV LR7
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Diver propulsion vehicles (DPV)	QX-50 QY-18 QY-40 QJY-001

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Replenishment tanker (AOR)	Hua Chuan
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Technological
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ships

Sonar trials ships	Kantan class AGE/AGTR
Technical research ships (AGTR)	Mirage Hunter
Unclassified Miscellaneous Submarine (IXSS)	Chinese sailless submarine

Torpedo trials craft

Torpedo retrievers (TR/TWR)	Dachou class AGT/TR/TWR Type 803 Type 917 Damen class AGT/TR/TWR
Torpedo trials ships (YTT)	Type 906 Xiang Yang Hong 9 class AGE/YTT Type 907A

Tracking ship (AGM)

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Training ship (AX)	Daguan APB)/APT/AXT Type 0891A Dashi class Type 679 Daxing class Type 680 Dadu class Yanxi class ATLS/AX
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Onshore stationary training facilities	Type 033 (Romeo class) Type 051/051Z (Luda class) Type 053H1Q (Jianghu-IV class) Type 6607 (Anshan class)

Tugs (AT)

Harbor tug (YT)	Beituo 617 class Beituo 699 class Beituo 702 class Beituo 715 class
Large harbor tug (YTB)	Ducha class Duda class Duhast class Dupo class
Rescue Tug (ATR)	Bei-Tuo 739 class Datuo class ARS/ATR Dong-Tuo 835 class Haixiu 121 class Daozha class Type 830 AGM/ATR
Sea-going Tug (ATA)	Type 802 Gromovoy class Type 837 Hujiu class Type 852 Roslavl class
Tugs of unknown class/type	Bei-Tuo 153, 651, 704, 728, Dong-Tuo 845, 861, Nan-Tuo 142, 163, 168, 176, 187, 188

UAV mothershps (ATLS)

Fighting Shark No.1
Yanxi class AGM/AVM/ATLS

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vehicles (USV)

CASIC USVs
Chinese Sea Hunter
Sky Journey 1
HUST USVs
JARI USV
JUST USV
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PWT USV
Shanghai University USV
Type 80 demolition boat
VVLAI USV
WSST USVs
Yunzhou USVs

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Autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)	CR series Explorer series HSU-001 Intelligent Water class JUST AUVs Micro Dragon Series Orange Shark series Ostar AUVs Poseidon series Robosea AUVs Sea Clever Sea Whale series Submerged Dragon series THLMT AUVs Wukong WZODA XTDT
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Bottom crawlers	Aquadrobotman series CSSC series Deepinfar series JUST series Robosea series SBSS series Sea Crab Sea Star THLMT unmanned vehicles#Underwater series VVLAI series
Hybrid UUVs (Autonomous remotely -operated vehicles, ARVs)	7B8 Arctic series Hadal Hadal 1 Rainbowfish ARV
Remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROUV)	8A4 8H4 Aquarobotman ROUV Deepinfar ROUVs Discovery Dragon Emperor Dragon Pearl Goldfish series JH-01 (Jiao-Hai 01) JTD-01 Deep Eel I JTML-02 JTMP series JTR series JUST ROUVs Max ROV Oceanxer ROUVs Ostar ROUVs PWT ROUV RECON-IV ROUV Robosea ROUVs SBSS ROUVs Sea Dragon series Sea Person (Hai-Ren/HR) series Sea Pole Sea Star 6000 Sea Submergence series SJT series ST-6000 THLMT ROUVs VVLAI ROUVs Walrus 1500
Underwater gliders	Flying Wing Petrel series Sea Soar series Deepinfar Sea Wing series THLMT series