Khinite

(repeating unit)PbCu3TeO6(OH)2IMA symbolKhn[1]Strunz classification4.FD.30Dana classification33.1.3.1Crystal systemOrthorhombicUnit cellKhinite-4O:
a = 5.740 Å,
b = 9.983 Å,
c = 23.960 Å, Z = 8
Khinite-3T (parakhinite):
a = 5.753 Å,
c = 17.958 Å, Z = 3IdentificationColorDark green – Bottle greenCrystal habitDipyramidal or curved crystalsCleavage{001} fairTenacityBrittleMohs scale hardness3.5LusterVitreousStreakGreenDiaphaneitySemitransparentSpecific gravity6.5–7.0 (measured) 6.69 (calculated)Optical propertiesBiaxial (+) (khinite) Uniaxial (−) (parakhinite)Birefringenceδ = 0.055PleochroismYellow green – emerald green2V angle20oUltraviolet fluorescenceNoneFusibilityFuses readily to a brown slagSolubilitySoluble in cold acidsCommon impuritiesCaReferences[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Khinite is a rare tellurate mineral with the formula Pb2+Cu2+3TeO6(OH)2.[2][3][4] It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and has a bottle-green colour. It is often found as dipyramidal, curved or corroded crystals no more than 0.15 mm in size.[5] The tetragonal dimorph of khinite is called parakhinite.

Occurrence and name

Both khinite and parakhinite were first identified in 1978 in the Old Guard Mine (Royal Guard Mine), Tombstone District, Cochise County, Arizona, US They were named after Ba-Saw Khin, a Burmese-American mineralogist.[2] They are often found together with tenorite, quetzalcoatlite, quartz, gold, dugganite, chrysocolla, chlorargyrite, bromargyrite, xocomecatlite, and tlapallite.[2][5] Khinite and parakhinite are found in multiple mines across Mexico and the USA.

Parakhinite

Parakhinite crystallizes in the tetragonal system. Khinite and parakhinite are also called khinite-4O and khinite-3T, respectively. Khinite and parakhinite are identical in colour and many other properties, like reactivity. They do differ in optical properties: Khinite is biaxial (+), while parakhinite is uniaxial (−). They also have different unit cells.[2][4][6][7]

References

  1. ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
  2. ^ a b c d "Khinite: Khinite mineral information and data". www.mindat.org. Retrieved 2016-10-28.
  3. ^ Barthelmy, Dave. "Khinite Mineral Data". www.webmineral.com. Retrieved 2016-10-28.
  4. ^ a b Williams, S.A. (1978). "Khinite, parakhinite, and dugganite, three new tellurates from Tombstone. Arizona" (PDF). American Mineralogist. 63: 1016–1019.
  5. ^ a b "Handbook of mineralogy, Khinite" (PDF).
  6. ^ Cooper, M. A.; Hawthorne, F. C.; Back, M. E. (2008). "The crystal structure of khinite and polytypism in khinite and parakhinite". Mineralogical Magazine. 72 (3): 763–770. Bibcode:2008MinM...72..763C. doi:10.1180/minmag.2008.072.3.763. S2CID 140537204.
  7. ^ Hawthorne, F. C.; Cooper, M. A.; Back, M. E. (2009). "Khinite-4O [= Khinite] and Khinite-3T [= Parakhinite]". The Canadian Mineralogist. 47 (2): 473–476. Bibcode:2009CaMin..47..473H. doi:10.3749/canmin.47.2.473.
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Selenites, selenates, tellurites, and tellurates
Selenites 28.1
Ahlfeldite Chalcomenite Clinochalcomenite Cobaltomenite Demesmaekerite Derriksite Francisite Guilleminite Haynesite Mandarinoite Marthozite Molybdomenite Sofiite
Selenates 28.2
Olsacherite Schmiederite
Tellurites 28.3
Balyakinite Blakeite Cesbronite Chekhovichite Choloalite Cliffordite Denningite Emmonsite Eztlite Fairbankite Graemite Keystoneite Kinichilite Mackayite Moctezumite Mroseite Plumbotellurite Poughite Quetzalcoatlite Rajite Rodalquilarite Schmitterite Smirnite Sonoraite Spiroffite Teineite Winstanleyite Zemannite
Tellurates 28.4
Carlfriesite Cheremnykhite Cuzticite Dugganite Girdite Khinite Khinite-3T Kuksite Kuranakhite Montanite Oboyerite Schieffelinite Tlalocite Tlapallite Xocomecatlite Yafsoanite Yecoraite