Jules Lefebvre

French painter, educator and theorist

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Jules Lefebvre
A photo of Lefebvre taken no later than 1903
Born	(1836-03-14)14 March 1836^[1] Tournan-en-Brie, Seine-et-Marne, France
Died	24 February 1911(1911-02-24) (aged 74)^[1]^[2] Paris, France
Other names	Jules Lefebvre^[2]
Occupation	Painter
Signature

Jules Joseph Lefebvre (French: [ʒyl ʒɔzɛf ləfɛvʁ]; 14 March 1836 – 24 February 1911) was a French painter, educator and theorist.

Early life

Lefebvre was born in Tournan-en-Brie, Seine-et-Marne, on 14 March 1836.^[1] He entered the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in 1852 and was a pupil of Léon Cogniet.

Career

He won the prestigious Prix de Rome with his The Death of Priam in 1861. Between 1855 and 1898, he exhibited 72 portraits in the Paris Salon. Many of his paintings are single figures of beautiful women. Among the portraits of his considered the best were those of M. L. Reynaud and the Prince Imperial (1874).^[3] In 1891, he became a member of the French Académie des Beaux-Arts.

He was professor at the Académie Julian in Paris.^[4] Lefebvre is chiefly important as an excellent and sympathetic teacher who numbered many Americans among his 1500 or more pupils. Among his famous students were Fernand Khnopff, Kenyon Cox,^[3] Félix Vallotton, Ernst Friedrich von Liphart,^[5] Georges Rochegrosse,^[6] the Scottish-born landscape painter William Hart, Walter Lofthouse Dean, and Edmund C. Tarbell, who became an American Impressionist painter.^[7] Another pupil was the miniaturist Alice Beckington^[8] as was Laura Leroux-Revault, the daughter of his friend Louis Hector Leroux.^[9] Jules Benoit-Lévy entered his workshop at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts.^[10]

Lefebvre died in Paris on 24 February 1911 and was buried in the Montmartre Cemetery with a bas-relief depiction of his painting La Vérité on his grave.^[1]^[2]

Significant milestones

1853 Student at the École des Beaux-Arts
1859 Second place Prix de Rome
1861 His Death of Priam wins the Prix de Rome
1870 Académie Julian^[4] professor
1870 Légion d'honneur, Officer, named Commander from 1898
1891 Member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts

Selected works

1861 The Death of Priam (won the Prix de Rome), École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris
1861 Diva Vittoria Colonna
1863 Boy Painting a Tragic Mask
1864 Roman Charity
1865 Portrait d'Antonio, modèle italien
1866 Cornelia, Mother of the Gracchi
1868 Reclining Nude, Musée d'Orsay
1869 Le Réveil de Diane
1869 Portrait of Alexandre Dumas
1870 La Vérité (The Truth), Musée d'Orsay
1870s Jeune femme à la mandoline (Girl with a Mandolin)
1870 Portrait du Prince Impérial
1872 Pandora
Graziella, 1878 (depicting the protagonist of Alphonse de Lamartine's novel Graziella)
1872 La Cigale, National Gallery of Victoria (Exhibited Salon, Paris, 1872, no. 970; collection of Milton Latham (1827–82), San Francisco, before 1878; by whom sold, New York, 1879; collection of Daniel Catlin, St Louis, Missouri, 1879–1893; by whom gifted to the St Louis Museum of Fine Arts, 1893–1945; deaccessioned and sold, c. 1945; collection of Julian Sterling, Melbourne, by 1984–2005; from whom purchased for the Felton Bequest, 2005.)
1874 Odalisque
1874 Slave Carrying Fruit (Ghent Museum)
1874 Portrait of Eugène Louis Napoléon Bonaparte
1875 Chloé, Young and Jackson Hotel, Melbourne
1876 Mary Magdalene in the Cave, Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg
1877 Pandora
1878 Mignon, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
1878 Graziella, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
1879 Diana
1879 Diana Surprised, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires
1880 Portrait of Julia Foster Ward, Museum of Fine Arts, St. Petersburg, FL
1880 Housemaid, Pera Museum, Istanbul
1881 La Fiametta from Giovanni Boccaccio
1881, Ondine, Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest^[11]
1882 Pandora (II)
1882 Japonaise (A Japanese woman)
1883 Psyché
1884 The Feathered Fan
1884 Portrait of Edna Barger, private collection
1890 Lady Godiva
1890 Ophelia
1892 A Daughter of Eve
1892 Judith
1896 Portrait of a Lady (II)
1898 Amor beim Schärfen seiner Pfeile (Love sharpening its arrows)
1901 Alexander Agassiz
1901 Yvonne (formerly Musée du Luxembourg), Portrait of Lefebvre's daughter

Clémence Isaure
Diana Surprised, 1879
Lady Godiva, 1891
La Vérité, 1870
Vittoria Colonna, 1861
Odalisque, 1874
Psyché, 1883.
Sleeping vestal virgin, 1902
Sappho 1884

Undated works

Clémence Isaure
La Fiancée
Woman with an Orange
Nymph with Morning Glory Flowers
Fleurs des Champs
L'Amour Blessé (Wounded Love)
Mediterranean Beauty
Portrait of a Lady
Portrait of a Woman
Young Woman with Morning Glories in Her Hair

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Art Renewal Center Museum™ Artist Information for Jules Joseph Lefebvre". Art Renewal Center.
^ ^a ^b ^c "A One-Picture Painter". Evening News. No. 13, 776. New South Wales, Australia. 3 August 1911. p. 6. Retrieved 6 March 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
^ ^a ^b Oxford Art Online, "Lefebvre, Jules"
^ ^a ^b Collier, Peter; Lethbridge, Robert (1994). Artistic Relations: Literature and the Visual Arts in Nineteenth-century France. London: Yale University Press. p. 50. ISBN 9780300060096.
^ Baron Ernst Friedrich von Liphart, Late 19th Century – 19th Century – Russian Artists – Biographies – RusArtNet.com
^ Waller, S. (ed.), Foreign Artists and Communities in Modern Paris, 1870–1914: Strangers in Paradise, Routledge, 2017, p. 119
^ Kathleen Luhrs, American Paintings in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1980: "... on to Paris and studied for a year at the Académie Julian under Gustave Boulanger and Jules Lefebvre."
^ Carrie Rebora Barratt; Lori Zabar (1 January 2010). American Portrait Miniatures in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 244–. ISBN 978-1-58839-357-9.
^ "ULAN Full Record Display (Getty Research)". www.getty.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-10.
^ "Benoit-Lévy, Jules (1866–1925), Painter, draughtsman, illustrator" Archived 2019-10-15 at the Wayback Machine, Benezit Dictionary of Artists
^ Kovacs, Anna Zsófia (2015–2016). "L'Ondine de Jules Lefebvre : un nu académique français dans les collections du musée des Beaux-Arts". Bulletin du musée hongrois des Beaux-Arts. 120–121: 147–164.